Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in New York in September 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere. The 17 Goals were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice.
The world is becoming increasingly urbanized. Since 2007, more than half the world’s population has been living in cities, and that share is projected to rise to 60 per cent by 2030. Cities and metropolitan areas are powerhouses of economic growth—contributing about 60 per cent of global GDP. However, they also account for about 70 per cent of global carbon emissions and over 60 per cent of resource use. Rapid urbanization is resulting in a growing number of slum dwellers, inadequate and overburdened infrastructure and services (such as waste collection and water and sanitation systems, roads and transport), worsening air pollution and unplanned urban sprawl.
Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in New York in September 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere. The 17 Goals were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice.
2019 was the second warmest year on record and the end of the warmest decade (2010- 2019) ever recorded. Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere rose to new records in 2019. Climate change is affecting every country on every continent. It is disrupting national economies and affecting lives. Weather patterns are changing, sea levels are rising, and weather events are becoming more extreme. Saving lives and livelihoods requires urgent action to address both the pandemic and the climate emergency.
Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in New York in September 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere. The 17 Goals were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice.
The ocean drives global systems that make the Earth habitable for humankind. Our rainwater, drinking water, weather, climate, coastlines, much of our food, and even the oxygen in the air we breathe, are all ultimately provided and regulated by the sea. Careful management of this essential global resource is a key feature of a sustainable future. However, at the current time, there is a continuous deterioration of coastal waters owing to pollution, and ocean acidification is having an adversarial effect on the functioning of ecosystems and biodiversity. This is also negatively impacting small scale fisheries. Saving our ocean must remain a priority. Marine biodiversity is critical to the health of people and our planet.
Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in New York in September 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere. The 17 Goals were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice.
Nature is critical to our survival: nature provides us with our oxygen, regulates our weather patterns, pollinates our crops, produces our food, feed and fibre. But it is under increasing stress. Human activity has altered almost 75 per cent of the earth’s surface, squeezing wildlife and nature into an ever-smaller corner of the planet.
Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in New York in September 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere. The 17 Goals were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice.
After decades of steady decline, the number of people who suffer from hunger – as measured by the prevalence of undernourishment – began to slowly increase again in 2015. Current estimates show that nearly 690 million people are hungry, or 8.9 percent of the world population – up by 10 million people in one year and by nearly 60 million in five years. The world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030. If recent trends continue, the number of people affected by hunger would surpass 840 million by 2030. Increasing agricultural productivity and sustainable food production are crucial to help alleviate the perils of hunger.
Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in New York in September 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere. The 17 Goals were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice.
While substantial progress has been made in increasing access to clean drinking water and sanitation, billions of people—mostly in rural areas—still lack these basic services. Worldwide, one in three people do not have access to safe drinking water, two out of five people do not have a basic hand-washing facility with soap and water, and more than 673 million people still practice open defecation.
Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets was adopted at the UN Sustainable Development Summit in New York in September 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere. The 17 Goals were adopted by all UN Member States in 2015, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which set out a 15-year plan to achieve the Goals.
The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address the global challenges we face, including poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice.
Based on the strength of Big Earth Data and requirement of global indicator framework for SDGs, a series of studies have been conducted on SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 14 (Life Below Water), and SDG 15 (Life on Land) under the guidance of Technology Facilitation Mechanism. All these can demonstrate the application value and broad prospect of Big Earth Data in monitoring and evaluating SDGs, explore new methods of implementing 2030 Agenda by utilizing advanced technologies such as big data and AI within the framework of Technology Facilitation Mechanism, and reveal the exploration and practice of China using technological innovation to implement 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
The world is becoming increasingly urbanized. Since 2007, more than half the world’s population has been living in cities, and that share is projected to rise to 60 per cent by 2030. Cities and metropolitan areas are powerhouses of economic growth—contributing about 60 per cent of global GDP. However, they also account for about 70 per cent of global carbon emissions and over 60 per cent of resource use. Rapid urbanization is resulting in a growing number of slum dwellers, inadequate and overburdened infrastructure and services (such as waste collection and water and sanitation systems, roads and transport), worsening air pollution and unplanned urban sprawl.
SDG11.3.1 Urbanization progress assessment
SDG11 is to build inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and human settlements. SDG 11.3.1 - the ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate (lcrpgr) can be used to quantify the relationship between urban spatial expansion and population growth. This index uses the global population distribution data with 100 meter resolution from 2000 to 2020 and the global 10 meter impervious surface remote sensing products from 2015 to 2018. This case needs interactive computation of vector and raster data, which needs parallel computation. SDG11.3.1 index online calculation tool can provide data technical support for global urbanization monitoring and evaluation.
SDG11.3.1 Monitoring and assessing global urbanization progress
Focusing on the indicator 11.3.1: Ratio of land consumption rate (LCR) to population growth rate (PGR), the global 10-meter resolution urban impervious surface product was produced. The global urbanization progress was monitored and assessed every five years from 1990 to 2015 in more than 1800 cities around the world.
2019 was the second warmest year on record and the end of the warmest decade (2010- 2019) ever recorded. Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere rose to new records in 2019. Climate change is affecting every country on every continent. It is disrupting national economies and affecting lives. Weather patterns are changing, sea levels are rising, and weather events are becoming more extreme. Saving lives and livelihoods requires urgent action to address both the pandemic and the climate emergency.
SDG13.1.1 Natural disaster impact evaluation
As part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, target 13.1 aims to: by 2030, Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related hazards and disasters in all countries. In the case of SDG 13.1, indicator 13.1.1 has been defined as one of specific and effective indicator to quantitatively monitor and evaluate governments' response to climate change, that is “Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population'.
SDG13.2.2 Annual average CO2 concentration evaluation
It is used to calculate the annual average global CO2 concentration from 2015 to 2018.
The ocean drives global systems that make the Earth habitable for humankind. Our rainwater, drinking water, weather, climate, coastlines, much of our food, and even the oxygen in the air we breathe, are all ultimately provided and regulated by the sea. Careful management of this essential global resource is a key feature of a sustainable future. However, at the current time, there is a continuous deterioration of coastal waters owing to pollution, and ocean acidification is having an adversarial effect on the functioning of ecosystems and biodiversity. This is also negatively impacting small scale fisheries. Saving our ocean must remain a priority. Marine biodiversity is critical to the health of people and our planet.
Nature is critical to our survival: nature provides us with our oxygen, regulates our weather patterns, pollinates our crops, produces our food, feed and fibre. But it is under increasing stress. Human activity has altered almost 75 per cent of the earth’s surface, squeezing wildlife and nature into an ever-smaller corner of the planet.
Around 1 million animal and plant species are threatened with extinction – many within decades – according to the 2019 Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service. Deforestation and desertification – caused by human activities and climate change – pose major challenges to sustainable development and have affected the lives and livelihoods of millions of people. Forests are vitally important for sustaining life on Earth, and play a major role in the fight against climate change. And investing in land restoration is critical for improving livelihoods, reducing vulnerabilities, and reducing risks for the economy. The health of our planet also plays an important role in the emergence of zoonotic diseases, i.e. diseases that are transmissible between animals and humans. As we continue to encroach on fragile ecosystems, we bring humans into ever-greater contact with wildlife, enabling pathogens in wildlife to spill over to livestock and humans, increasing the risk of disease emergence and amplification.
SDG15.1.1 Forest cover products
Facing the requirements of on-demand production of SDG15 forest cover data products, the system is developed relying on the object-oriented storage system, and it provides the integration and access of Databank metadata, object data and user private data. It also realizes SDG15 forest cover data product production algorithms and basic remote sensing data products, and develop Javascript functions that can be directly programmed and called. Based on the functional modules of the Databox remote sensing engine, it encapsulates the SDG15 forest cover product algorithm, supports the SDG project team writing SDG15 forest cover product production in the Javascript version of the interactive programming analysis environment. By submiting offline data analysis tasks, the system realizes on-demand offline production of SDG15 forest cover products.
SDG15.3.1 Land productivity trend assessment product
Based on Landsat data, it produces land vegetation coverage (NDVI) products, which are used to calculate the land productivity trend indicator in SDG 15.3.1. The land productivity trend is an indicator used to measure the land development status of the land within a specified time frame, and is an important part of the SDG 15.3.1 land degradation ratio assessment.
SDG15.1.1 Forest cover assessment
This application is based on machine learning algorithm, it internally installed a model trained with Landsat images of China areas. When the user specifies new Landsat images, the application can detect the forest coverage in the image automatically.
SDG15.3.1 Land degradation assessment
As part of the "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development", Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15 is to:"Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss"。Each SDG has specific targets addressing different components, in this case, of life on land. Target 15.3 aims to:"By 2030, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land degradation-neutral world"。Indicators will be used then to assess the progress of each SDG target. In the case of SDG 15.3 the progress towards a land degradation neutral world will be assessed using indicator 15.3.1:"proportion of land that is degraded over total land area".
SDG15.3.1 Global land degradation monitoring and assessment
Based on the UNCCD framework and big earth data, the net land recovery contribution was calculated around the world, and the global land degradation was monitored and assessed from 2000 to 2015.
After decades of steady decline, the number of people who suffer from hunger – as measured by the prevalence of undernourishment – began to slowly increase again in 2015. Current estimates show that nearly 690 million people are hungry, or 8.9 percent of the world population – up by 10 million people in one year and by nearly 60 million in five years. The world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030. If recent trends continue, the number of people affected by hunger would surpass 840 million by 2030. Increasing agricultural productivity and sustainable food production are crucial to help alleviate the perils of hunger.
SDG2.4.1 Assessing progress towards sustainable cultivated land use in China
Assessing the environmental intensity for land use, irrigation water consumption, excess N application and excess P application of all provinces in China from 1987-2015.
While substantial progress has been made in increasing access to clean drinking water and sanitation, billions of people—mostly in rural areas—still lack these basic services. Worldwide, one in three people do not have access to safe drinking water, two out of five people do not have a basic hand-washing facility with soap and water, and more than 673 million people still practice open defecation.
SDG6.6.1 Surface water remote sensing extraction based on GF1
SDG 6.6 is to protect and restore water related ecosystems by 2030, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, groundwater aquifers and lakes. SDG 6.6.1 is a case of water extraction, using random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), naive Bayes (NB), k-nearest neighbor (KNN) and other models to optimize parameters through gridsearchcv, Training and classification are carried out by scene sampling. In this case, the remote sensing image No.6 of Gaofen is used to select the data that have been classified as water body and non water body in the past 25 years from the global land surface water body data set of JRC, from which the water body and non water body samples are randomly generated, so as to ensure the purity of the samples and avoid the subjective deviation of manually sketching the samples.
SDG6.6.1 Surface water change over time indicator
This tool can calculate the area and total area of water distribution in the designated area. Obtain the proportion of surface water area according to the area/total area of the water body distribution.
